Substance dualism is derived from which philosophical concept?

Substance dualism is primarily derived from the concept of dualism itself, which posits that there are two distinct types of substances: mental (or spiritual) and physical. This philosophical viewpoint asserts that the mind and body are fundamentally different in nature, leading to the conclusion that mental phenomena cannot be wholly explained by physical processes.

The correct answer lies within the framework of dualism, where substance dualism distinguishes itself from other forms, such as property dualism, by emphasizing the existence of two separate substances rather than just two properties. While idealism focuses on the mind as the primary reality and does not align with the substance dualism perspective, it highlights the philosophical tension between mental and physical substances.

Understanding substance dualism in the context of dualism helps clarify its foundational belief that the mind has an independent existence from the physical body, which is essential in comprehending various philosophical arguments surrounding consciousness, identity, and the nature of reality.